Tuesday, March 1, 2011

A special page of RMS TITANIC from wikipedia

RMS Titanic
"Titanic" redirects here. For
other uses, see Titanic
(disambiguation).
RMS Titanic departing
Southampton on 10 April 1912.
Career ( United Kingdom)
White Star Line
Name:
RMS Titanic[1]
Owner:
White Star Line[1]
Port of registry:
[2] Liverpool
Route:
Southampton to New York City
Ordered:
31 July 1908[1]
Builder:
Harland and Wolff, Belfast[1]
Yard number:
401[3]
Laid down:
31 March 1909[1]
Launched:
31 May 1911[1]
Christened:
Not christened
Completed:
31 March 1912
Maiden voyage:
10 April 1912[3]
In service:
1912[1]
Identification:
Radio Callsign "MGY"
UK Official Number: 131428[4]
Fate:
Sank on 15 April 1912 after
hitting an iceberg in middle of
Atlantic Ocean[1]
General characteristics
Class and type:
Olympic-class ocean liner[3]
Tonnage:
46,328 gross register tons (GRT)
[1]
Displacement:
52,310 tons[3]
Length:
882 ft 9 in (269.1 m)[5]
Beam:
92 ft 0 in (28.0 m)[5]
Height:
175 ft (53.3 m) (Keel to top of
funnels)
Draught:
34 ft 7 in (10.5 m)[1]
Depth:
64 ft 6 in (19.7 m)[5]
Decks:
9 (Lettered A through G)
Installed power:
24 double-ended (six furnace)
and 5 single-ended (three
furnace) Scotch marine
boilers
Two four-cylinder
reciprocating triple-expansion
steam engines
each producing 15,000 hp for
the two outboard wing
propellers at 75 revolutions
per minute[6]
One low-pressure turbine
producing 16,000 hp[6]
46,000 HP (design) – 59,000
HP (maximum)[7]
Propulsion:
Two bronze triple-blade wing
propellers
One bronze quadruple-blade
centre propeller.
Speed:
21 knots (39 km/h; 24 mph)
[1]
23 knots (43 km/h; 26 mph)
(maximum)
Capacity:
Passengers and crew (fully
loaded):
3547
Staterooms (840 total):
First Class: 416
Second Class: 162
Third Class: 262
Plus 40 open berthing areas
Crew:
860[1]
Topics about Titanic
List of passengers
List of crew members
Films about Titanic
Titanic Historical Society
RMS Titanic was the largest
passenger steamship in the world
when she set off on her maiden
voyage from Southampton,
England, to New York City on 10
April 1912. Four days into the
crossing, at 23:40 on 14 April
1912, she struck an iceberg and
sank at 2:20 the following
morning, resulting in the deaths
of 1,517 people in one of the
deadliest peacetime maritime
disasters in history.
An Olympic-class passenger liner,
RMS Titanic was owned by the
White Star Line and constructed
at the Harland and Wolff
shipyard in Belfast, Ireland. She
set sail for New York City with
2,227 people on board. The high
casualty rate when the ship sank
was due in part to the fact that,
although complying with the
regulations of the time, the ship
carried lifeboats for only 1,178
people. A disproportionate
number of men died due to the
women and children first
protocol that was followed.
Titanic was designed by some of
the most experienced engineers,
and used some of the most
advanced technologies available
at the time. It was a great shock
to many that, despite the
extensive safety features, Titanic
sank, and the fact that it sank on
its maiden voyage added to the
particularly ironic nature of the
tragedy. The frenzy on the part
of the media about Titanic's
famous victims, the legends
about the sinking, the resulting
changes to maritime law, and the
discovery of the wreck have
contributed to the interest in
Titanic.
Construction
Main article: Olympic class ocean
liner
Titanic was built at the Harland
and Wolff shipyard in Belfast, in
the UK, and designed to
compete with the rival Cunard
Line's Lusitania and Mauretania.
Titanic, along with her Olympic-
class sisters, Olympic and the
soon-to-be-built Britannic (which
was to be called Gigantic at first),
were intended to be the largest,
most luxurious ships ever to
operate. The designers were
Lord Pirrie,[8] a director of both
Harland and Wolff and White
Star, naval architect Thomas
Andrews, Harland and Wolff's
construction manager and head
of their design department,[9]
and Alexander Carlisle, the
shipyard's chief draughtsman
and general manager.[10]
Carlisle's responsibilities included
the decorations, the equipment
and all general arrangements,
including the implementation of
an efficient lifeboat davit design.
Carlisle would leave the project
in 1910, before the ships were
launched, when he became a
shareholder in Welin Davit &
Engineering Company Ltd
, the firm making the davits.[11]
Size comparison with the Airbus
A380, a bus, a car, and an
average-sized human
Construction of RMS Titanic,
funded by the American J.P.
Morgan and his International
Mercantile Marine Co.
, began on 31 March 1909.
Titanic's hull was launched on 31
May 1911, and her outfitting was
completed by 31 March the
following year. Her length
overall was 882 feet 9 inches
(269.1 m), the moulded breadth
92 feet 0 inches (28.0 m),[12] the
tonnage 46,328 GRT, and the
height from the water line to the
boat deck of 59 feet (18 m). She
was equipped with two
reciprocating four-cylinder,
triple-expansion steam engines
and one low-pressure Parsons
turbine, each driving a propeller.
There were 29 boilers fired by
159 coal burning furnaces that
made possible a top speed of 23
knots (43 km/h; 26 mph). Only
three of the four 62 feet (19 m)
funnels were functional: the
fourth, which served only for
ventilation, was added to make
the ship look more impressive.
The ship could carry a total of
3,547 passengers and crew.
Features
Gymnasium aboard Titanic
The first-class Grand Staircase
aboard Olympic
Titanic surpassed all her rivals in
luxury and opulence. The First-
class section had an on-board
swimming pool, a gymnasium, a
squash court, Turkish bath,
Electric bath and a Verandah
Cafe. First-class common rooms
were adorned with ornate wood
panelling, expensive furniture
and other decorations. In
addition, the Café Parisien
offered cuisine for the first-class
passengers, with a sunlit veranda
fitted with trellis decorations.[13]
There were libraries and barber
shops in both the first and
second-class.[14] The third class
general room had pine panelling
and sturdy teak furniture.[15]
The ship incorporated
technologically advanced
features for the period. She had
three electric elevators in first
class and one in second class.
She had also an extensive
electrical subsystem with steam-
powered generators and ship-
wide wiring feeding electric lights
and two Marconi radios,
including a powerful 1,500-watt
set manned by two operators
working in shifts, allowing
constant contact and the
transmission of many passenger
messages.[16] First-class
passengers paid a hefty fee for
such amenities. The most
expensive one-way trans-Atlantic
passage was £875 (£64,204 as of
2011),[17] or $4,375 ($99,237 as
of 2011),[18].
Lifeboats
For her maiden voyage, Titanic
carried a total of 20 lifeboats of
three different varieties:[19]
Lifeboats 1 and 2: emergency
wooden cutters: 25'2" long by
7'2" wide by 3'2" deep;
capacity 326.6 cubic feet (9.25
m3) or 40 people.[20]
Lifeboats 3 to 16: wooden
lifeboats: 30' long by 9'1" wide
by 4' deep; capacity 655.2
cubic feet (18.55 m3) or 65
people.[20]
Lifeboats A, B, C and D:
Englehardt "collapsible"
lifeboats: 27'5" long by 8' wide
by 3' deep; capacity 376.6
cubic feet (10.66 m3) or 47
people.[20]
The lifeboats were
predominantly stowed in chocks
on the boat deck, connected to
the fall

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